The free software initiative reaches its maximum expression when the GNU Linux operating system is installed on the computer instead of Windows. There are multiple free distributions (OpenSuse, Fedora, Debian, Red Hat, Ubuntu, etc.). Some have seen this diversity as one of the main problems for its implementation. However, all of them offer a completely visual and graphic free environment that facilitates the use of applications. Some Spanish Autonomous Communities have created and distributed their own versions of Linux to centers: Guadalinex (Andalusia), Linex (Extremadura), MAX (Madrid), etc. Currently, the trend that seems to be consolidating worldwide is Ubuntu .
Ubuntu is a GNU/Linux distribution that offers an interesting operating system for desktops and servers in the educational field. It is a Debian -based distribution whose main features are:
- Ease of handling
- Frequent updates
- Ease of system installation
- Robust and easy search and installation of programs based on packages.
- Freedom of use and distribution.
The term “ Ubuntu ” comes from Zulu and means “humanity towards others” or “I am because we are.” Precisely its slogan “Linux for Human Beings” aims to emphasize this ease of use. It is sponsored by Canonical Ltd. It is a private British company founded and financed by South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth. This company offers Ubuntu freely and free of charge, taking advantage of the contributions of developers from a wide community worldwide. Instead of profiting from the distribution of the system, its financing is obtained from technical support. The most recent stable version is Ubuntu 14.04 because it was published in April (04) 2014 (14). She was baptized with the code name “Trusty Tahr.” It is an LTS version with extended support for 5 years for desktops (Desktop version) and for servers (Server version).
The default Ubuntu desktop is GNOME , which is the leader as a desktop and as a development platform in Linux. There are also versions such as Kubuntu with a KDE desktop or Xubuntu with a lightweight Xfce desktop.
Edubuntu is a distribution specially designed for the educational world. This is an additional package that is installed on the Ubuntu desktop and that provides an interface and programs adapted to the following educational sections:
- ubuntu-edu-preschool: Preschool. (less than 5 years)
- ubuntu-edu-primary: Primary (between 6 and 12 years old)
- ubuntu-edu-secondary: Secondary (13-18 years)
- ubuntu-edu-tertiary: University (18+ years)
The most notable features of Edubuntu are:
- Compatibility . It can be installed on most educational computers. In addition, its applications, such as OpenOffice, produce documents that can be opened and saved with Microsoft Office. Servers with Ubuntu Server can be easily integrated into a center's intranet.
- Security . Edubuntu is less sensitive to viruses and Trojans than other operating systems. It is based on security policies that allow users to complete their tasks without compromising system stability. It is not necessary, for example, to install a freezer because it does not allow the installation of any program if you do not have the administrator password.
- Ease of management . Edubuntu offers LTSP thin client technology under which low-end computers can log in against a local server. This makes it easier to manage and maintain programs on a local network.
- Economy . It is a free system to install and update.
- Medium . There is a large community on the Internet for support and help regarding installation and management.
- Educational . Supports translation into multiple languages and accessibility features for students with special educational needs.
- Applications . It provides a wide catalog of programs ready to be used in the educational environment.
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